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Paul TillichPaul Tillich (A.D. 1886–1965) was a German Lutheran minister, neo Orthodox theologian, and Existentialist philosopher, who had an influential teachi... more
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neo-scholasticismA late 19th and 20th century movement in the Roman Catholic Church that was based on the philosophy and theology of Thomas Aquinas that was regarded a... more
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Spanish-American WarA.D. 1898 The United States of America enters into war with Spain regarding American influence inside the Spanish colony of Cuba. The United States ha... more
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Boxer Rebellion(A.D. 1899-1901) A group of Chinese rose up in violent reaction to a gang of Western robbers who used jurisdictional autonomy of Western nations in pa... more
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Adrienne von Speyr(A.D. 1902–1967) Swiss physician and Roman Catholic theologian whose visionary experiences were a major inspiration for the theology of von Balthasa... more
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Joseph Babalola(A.D. 1904–1959) Joseph Babalola was a leading figure in the Christ Apostolic Church in Nigeria, a Pentecostal church where Babalola led revivals an... more
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Hans Urs von BalthasarHans Urs von Balthasar (A.D. 1905-1988) Swiss priest and Jesuit theologian, friend of Henri de Lubac, Karl Barth, and Adrienne von Speyr, who was a cr... more
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Quest of the Historical Jesus(A.D. 1906) Albert Schweitzer publishes The Quest of the Historical Jesus, and claims that the historical Jesus was simple an eschatological prophet b... more
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BonhoefferDietrich Bonhoeffer (A.D. 1906–1945) was a German theologian and pastor who was best known for his opposition to Nazism and especially Hitler’s eu... more
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Azusa Street Revival(A.D. 1906) The Azusa Street Revival begins in Los Angeles and lasts for several years. This movement gives birth to Pentecostalism. more
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Fundamentals(A.D. 1910–1915) Publication of The Fundamentals, a series of books from which the Fundamentalist movement took its name. more
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Carl Henry(A.D. 1913–2003) Carl Henry was an American theologian and evangelical Christian. He was a key figure in the development of fundamentalist evangelic... more
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Paul Ricoeur(A.D. 1913–2005) Paul Ricoeur was a French philosopher who was distinguished for revolutionizing the methods of hermeneutic phenomenology to be appl... more
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World War I(A.D. 1914) World War 1 begins, a four year conflict pitting the British Empire, France, the Russian Empire, and the United States against the German ... more
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Scofield Reference Bible(A.D. 1917) Publication of the second edition of the Scofield Reference Bible, which becomes the most important text for the Dispensationalist movemen... more
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Billy Graham(A.D. 17 Nov 1918–21 Feb 2018) One of the most influential Christian leaders of the 20th Century. He was an ordained Baptist minister who became ver... more
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John Paul II(A.D. 1920–2005) Born Karol Wojtyla, Polish priest, philosophy professor, archbishop of Krakow (A.D. 1963–1978) then pope (A.D. 1978–2005) in th... more
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Fundamentalismgrew out of 19th century American evangelicalism that felt liberal Protestantism was abandoning the fundamentals of the faith. Specifically this term ... more
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Fundamentalist-Modernist Controversy(A.D. 1922) Harry Emerson Fosdick’s sermon “Shall the Fundamentalists Win?” identifies the main issues on the modernist side in the Fundamentali... more
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Ottoman Empire Ends(A.D. 1923) The Ottoman Empire is partitioned after losing World War I. more
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Christianity and Liberalism(A.D. 1923) J. Gresham Machen publishes his book, Christianity and Liberalism, which articulates the main points on the Fundamentalist side of the Fun... more
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Ottoman Caliphate Ends(A.D. 1924) The Ottoman Caliphate ends shortly after the Ottoman Empire is partitioned following the end of World War I. more
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Scopes “Monkey Trial”The trial in 1925 of John Scopes, a biology teacher in Tennessee, for defying a state law forbidding the teaching of evolution in public schools. Skep... more
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Thomas Altizer(A.D. 1927–2018) Thomas Altizer was an American theologian who radically embraced Nietzsche’s assertion that God is dead in a Hegelian synthesis w... more
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Benedict XVI(A.D. 1927- ) Born Joseph Ratzinger, German priest and theology professor, archbishop of Munich (A.D. 1977–1982), cardinal (A.D. 1977–2005), and p... more
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Great Depression(A.D. 1929) The Great Depression begins. It was a worldwide economic depression which lasted anywhere between 5 to 10 years in differing parts of the ... more
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World War II(A.D. 1939) World War II begins, a 6 year conflict pitting the British Empire, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States against Nazi Germany, t... more
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Nag HammadiA town in Egypt, situated on the Nile. In A.D. 1945, a collection of early Christian and Gnostic texts were discovered, including the Gospel of Thomas... more religious texts
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Humani Generis(A.D. 1950) The papal encyclical Humani Generis condemns theologies which deny that God could have created human nature and not direct it to a superna... more
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Munificentissimus Deus(A.D. 1950) The papal bull (The Most Munificent God) declares that the (that her body and soul was taken directly to heaven) is an official doctrine o... more
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European Steel and Coal CommunityA.D. 1952 As part of an effort to unify Europe after the horrors of World War I and World War II, six countries (France, West Germany, Belgium, the Ne... more
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European Economic Community(A.D. 1958) The European Economic Community is created, further integrating the economies of the six countries within the European Steel and Coal Comm... more
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Liberation TheologyRefers to a movement, primarily in Catholicism, that originated in Latin America in the 1960s that understands Christianity from the perspective of th... more
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First Person in Space(A.D. 1961) As part of Cold War jockeying for power, the Soviets send the first person into space. more
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Vatican II(A.D. 1962–1965) The ecumenical council of Roman Catholic bishops presided over by Pope John XXIII and Pope Paul VI that was held between 1962–196... more
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Sam Harris(born A.D. 9 April 1967) Samuel Benjamin Harris is a neuroscientist, author and prominent critic of religion. Harris published his first book, The End... more
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First Person on the Moon(A.D. 1969) As part of Cold War jockeying for power, the Americans land the first person on the moon. more
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Charismatic movementearlier known as “neo Pentecostalism” in the late 20th century and is a widespread growing movement among Catholic and mainline Protestant churche... more
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Cold War Ends(A.D. 1991) The Cold War ends as the Soviet Union collapses under the pressures of economic stagnation, internal unrest, and perpetual war readiness a... more
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Information Age(A.D. 1991) The Information Age begins as the World Wide Web is released to the public. more
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European UnionA.D. 1993 After several decA.D.es of expansion the European Economic Community becomes the European Union, a single European currency (Euro) is create... more
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9/11 Terrorist Attacks(A.D. Sep 11, 2001) Islamic fundamentalists use commercial airliners to commit terrorist attacks against the United States, hitting the Pentagon, and ... more
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Great Recession(A.D. 2007) The Great Recession begins, a two year long economic contraction with the greatest economic impact on the world since the Great Depression... more
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EU ConsolidationA.D. 2007 After expansion of the European Union to include more members, many formerly under Soviet control, the Lisbon Treaty consolidates European U... more
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