TIMELINE of Christian Theology – All

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MINOR & MAJOR: WORLD | RELIGIOUS | PEOPLE | ALL

B.C. | A.D. 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st

All Events

A.D. 1591–1643

Anne HutchinsonAnne Hutchinson (A.D. 1591–1643) was a Puritan from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She was a charismatic spiritual advisor whose strong views on the ... more

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A.D. 1593

Henry de Navarre converts to Catholicism(A.D. 1593) In a compromise with the Catholic League, Henry de Navarre converts to Catholicism and assumes the French throne as Henry IV. more

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A.D. 1596–1664

AmyrautMoses Amyraut (A.D. 1596-1664) Also known by a Latinized version of his name, Amyraldus, was a French Protestant (a Huguenot) who advocated a modified... more

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c. A.D. 1596–1650

Rene DescartesRene Descartes (1596–1650) introduced the scientific method based on the premise that all learning is derived from inductive reasoning based on obse... more

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A.D. 1598

Edict of Nantes(A.D. 1598) The French Wars of Religion end with the Edict of Nantes that establishes limited toleration of Huguenots in France. more

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A.D. 1598-1607

Congregatio de Auxiliiswas a series of formal debates held in Rome between 1598–1607 regarding the nature and extent of divine grace in an effort to resolve a bitter contr... more

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A.D. 1598–1607

Molinists and Thomists(A.D. 1598–1607) Catholics debate Molinists and Thomists positions on the help of grace without conclusion and appeal to the pope who allows both po... more

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A.D. 1599–1658

Oliver CromwellOliver Cromwell (A.D. 1599–1658) was an intensely religious Puritan and political leader of England. He fought for Parliament in the English Civil W... more

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17th CENTURY

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A.D. 1602–1680

Athinasius KircherAthanasius Kircher (A.D. 1602–1680) was a German Jesuit scholar, often considered to be the last Renaissance Man, he was a dominant scientific ... more

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A.D. 1603

Tudor Line(A.D. 1603) The English crown passes from the Tudor to the Stuart line upon the death of James I. more

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A.D. 1608

Protestant Union(A.D. 1608) The Protestant Union is formed under the leadership of Frederick IV to counter aggressive Catholicism in the Holy Roman Empire. more

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A.D. 1609

Catholic League in Germany(A.D. 1609) Maximilian of Bavaria establishes the Catholic League in Germany in response to the establishment of the Protestant Union. more

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A.D. 1609

BaptistThe first English Baptist congregation is created (A.D. 1609) out of a Puritan Separatist congregation that is meeting in exile in the Netherlands. Th... more

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A.D. 1609

Jesuits in South America(A.D. 1609) Jesuit establish their first Reductions in South America. more

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A.D. 1615–1691

Richard BaxterRichard Baxter (A.D. 1615-1691) English Puritan, advocate of Amyraldianism or “four point Calvinism.” more

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A.D. 1616

Treatise on the Love of God(A.D. 1616) Francis de Sales publishes his major work, Treatise on the Love of God. more

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A.D. 1616–1683

John OwenJohn Owen (A.D. 1616–1683) English Puritan, classic advocate of the high Calvinism represented by the Synod of Dordt and the Westminster Confession,... more

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A.D. 1618

Defenestration of Prague(A.D. 1618) The Defenestration of Prague triggers the Thirty Years’ War. more

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A.D. 1618–1619

Arminianism(A.D. 1618–1619) Reformed theologians reject Arminianism and formulate the five points of Calvinism at the Synod of Dordt in Holland. A Protestant t... more

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A.D. 1618-1648

Thirty Years’ War(A.D. 1618-1648) A very bloody war fought in central Europe from A.D. 1618 to 1648 over religious, political and economic issues. The war ended when T... more

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A.D. 1619

Synod of Dordtwas a conference of Dutch Reformed theologians held in A.D. 1619 to address Arminianism and formulated the five points of classic Calvinism, represent... more

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A.D. 1620

Battle of the White Mountain(A.D. 1620) Catholic forces under Johann Tilly win a decisive victory over Protestants in the Battle of the White Mountain. more

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A.D. 1622

Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith(A.D. 1622) Pope Gregory XV tries to centralize Catholic missionary efforts by creating the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith. more

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A.D. Jul 1624–13 Jan 1691

George FoxGeorge Fox (A.D. Jul 1624–13 Jan 1691) Founder of the Religious Society of Friends, more commonly known as Quakers. more

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A.D. 1629

Edict of Restitution(A.D. 1629) The Edict of Restitution signals the height of the Counter-Reformation during the Thirty Years’ War. more

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A.D. 1629

Huguenots lose(A.D. 1629) The Huguenots lose their final military stronghold In France. more

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A.D. 1629

Charles I rules England(A.D. 1629) Charles I begins to rule in England. Many English are concerned with his Catholic leanings. more

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A.D. 1631

Battle of Breitenfeld(A.D. 1631) Protestant forces win a major victory under the Swedish King, Gustavus Adolphus, at the Battle of Breitenfeld. more

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A.D. 1632–1677

Baruch SpinozaBaruch Spinoza (A.D. 1632–1677) was a Jewish-Dutch philosopher. Spinoza employed many of the concepts of Medieval scholastics with the Cartesian met... more

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A.D. 1632

Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus dies(A.D. 1524) more

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A.D. 1632–1704

John LockeJohn Locke (1632–1704) applied the scientific method of using empirical observations to determine the strength of philosophical and theological idea... more

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A.D. 1635

Peace of Prague(A.D. 1635) The Peace of Prague ends the Swedish participation in the Thirty Years’ War. more

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A.D. 1635–1705

Philipp Jakob SpenerPhilip Jakob Spener (A.D. 1635–1705) German Lutheran pastor who became one of the founders of Pietism when, in 1675, he published Pia Desideria (“... more

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A.D. 1640

Short Parliament & Long Parliament

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A.D. 1642

English Civil War(A.D. 1642) The first civil war begins in England, between forces loyal to the King and the parliamentarians. more

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A.D. 1643–1727

Newton, Sir IsaacSir Isaac Newton (1643–1727) revolutionized society's understanding of how the physical world functioned with his scientific discoveries and by... more

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A.D. 1643–1729

Solomon StoddardSolomon Stoddard (A.D. 1643–1729) Puritan minister in Northampton, Massachusetts (and grandfather of Jonathan Edwards), who allowed unregenerate chu... more

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A.D. 1644

Qing Empire (China)(A.D. 1644) The Ming Dynasty ends as rebels capture the capital city and the Emperor hangs himself. The Qing dynasty assumes control of Imperial China... more

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A.D. 1646

Presbyterian church(A.D. 1646) England establishes a Presbyterian church order after the parliamentarian victory in the first civil war. more

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A.D. 1647

Westminster Confession accepted(A.D. 1647) Parliament accepts the Westminster Confession which becomes the most important Reformed confessional document originally written in Englis... more

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A.D. 1648

Peace of Westphalia(A.D. 1648) The Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years’ War in Germany. It reinstitutes the Peace of Augsburg and includes various forms of the R... more

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A.D. 1648–1717

Madame Jeanne GuyonMadame Jeanne Guyon (A.D. 1648–1717) Mystic, writer, and spiritual director, a major inspiration for the “semi Quietist” theology of Fénelon an... more

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A.D. 1648

Cambridge Platform(A.D. 1648) The Cambridge Platform in New England establishes the Congregationalist form of church governance. more

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A.D. 1649

Charles I is executed(A.D. 1649) England is proclaimed a Republic when King Charles I is executed by order of the Rump Parliament. more

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A.D. 1650

Quakers(A.D. 1650) The Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as Quakers, form in England based on the preaching of George Fox. more

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A.D. 1650–1800

EnlightenmentA broad term for 18th century European intellectual developments, including deism and other movements critical of orthodox Christianity, that are char... more

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A.D. 1650–1800

EnlightenmentA broad term for 18th century European intellectual developments, including deism and other movements critical of orthodox Christianity, that are char... more

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A.D. 1651–1715

Francois FénelonFrancois Fénelon (A.D. 1651–1715) Archbishop of Cambrai in France, known for teachings about “pure love,” which Rome condemned as “semi Quiet... more

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A.D. 1653

Pope condemns Jansenism(A.D. 1653) The Jansenist controversy comes to a head in France when the pope condemns five propositions based on Jansen’s book, Augustinus. more

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A.D. 1654

Tolerant state church in England(A.D. 1654) Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, establishes an inclusive and tolerant state church. more

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A.D. 1660

English Monarchy reestablished(A.D. 1660) The English Republic falls and the monarchy and the Church of England are restored to their prerevolutionary positions. more

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A.D. 1662

Halfway Covenant(A.D. 1662) Puritan Congregationalist churches in 1662 modified their policy of only allowing baptized individuals who could adequately demonstrate th... more

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A.D. 1663–1727

August Hermann FranckeAugust Hermann Francke (A.D. 1663–1727) German Lutheran pastor and theology professor at the University of Halle, protégé of Philipp Jakob Spener,... more

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A.D. 1675

Pietist movement(A.D. 1675) Lutheran pastor Philipp Jakob Spener inaugurates the Pietist movement in Germany when he publishes his book Pia Desideria (“Pious Desire... more

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A.D. 1680

Pueblo Revolt(A.D. 1680) An uprising of the native Pueblo people against the Spanish colonists, in part motivated by promises of blessings and protection by the pe... more

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A.D. 1682

Declaration of Four Articles(A.D. 1682) The clergy of the Catholic Church in France convened to address the power of the Pope. The clergy recognized several important limitations... more

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A.D. 1685

Edict of Nantes revoked(A.D. 1685) Louis XIV revokes the Edict of Nantes, ending toleration for Protestant Huguenots in France. more

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A.D. 1687

Quietism condemned(A.D. 1687) The Roman Catholic Church condemns Quietism that sprung out of the teachings of John the Cross and Theresa of Avila. more

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A.D. 1689

Act of Toleration(A.D. 1689) The Act of Toleration in England legalizes Protestant churches that dissent from the established Church of England. more

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A.D. 1694–1778

Voltaire(A.D. 1694-1778) Pen name of François Marie Arouet, a popular French writer, satirist, and critic of Christianity during the Enlightenment. He was a ... more

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A.D. 1695

Madame Guyon’s teachings condemned(A.D. 1695) The French Catholic church condemns Madame Guyon's teachings due to its Quietist tendencies. more

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A.D. 1696

Deism begins

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A.D. 1699

Semi-Quietist condemned(A.D. 1699) Roman Catholic Church condemns Fénelon’s semi-Quietist teaching of pure love. more

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A.D. 1700–1760

Count Nikolaus Ludwig von ZinzendorfCount Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf (A.D. 1700–1760) Lutheran minister, Pietist theologian, godson of Philipp Jakob Spener, and leader of the ... more

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18th CENTURY

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A.D. 1703–1791

John WesleyJohn Wesley (A.D. 1703–1791) Anglican priest, revival preacher and organizer, and together with his brother Charles, a founding figure of Methodism,... more

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A.D. 1703–1758

Jonathan EdwardsJonathan Edwards (A. D. 1703-1758) Puritan minister, Calvinist theologian, the first American theorist of revival, and leader of the Great Awakening i... more

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A.D. 1706

Kingdom of Great Britain(A.D. 1706) The Treaty of Union unites England, Wales and Scotland into a single kingdom, the Kingdom of Great Britain. more

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A.D. 1710–1796

Thomas Reid(A.D. 1710–1796) Thomas Reid was a Scottish philosopher and contemporary and critic of David Hume. Reid advocated for a form of common sense philoso... more

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A.D. 1711–1776

HumeDavid Hume (1711–1776) used John Locke's standard to declare that it would take a miracle to believe a miracle. more

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A.D. 1712–1778

Jean-Jacque RousseauJean-Jacque Rousseau (A.D. 1712–1778) was a philosopher born in Geneva, Switzerland. He authored The Social Contract which became a cornerstone of m... more

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A.D. 16 Dec 1714–30 Sep 1770

George Whitefield(A.D. 16 Dec 1714–30 Sep 1770) George Whitefield was an ordained Anglican clergy who became one of the most popular Evangelist preachers during the ... more

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A.D. 1721–1803

Samuel HopkinsSamuel Hopkins (A.D. 1721–1803) New England Puritan pastor and theologian; student and rigorous advocate of Jonathan Edwards’s theology. He was a ... more

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A.D. 1722

Monrovian movement(A.D. 1722) Count von Zinzendorf invites Protestants fleeing persecution in Moravia to settle on his land in Herrnhut, Germany. He later becomes their... more

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A.D. 1724–1804

Immanuel Kant(A.D. 1724–1804) German thinker generally recognized as the greatest philosopher of the modern period. He revolutionized modern epistemology with th... more

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A.D. 1725–1807

Newton, JohnJohn Newton (A.D. 1725–1807) was an Anglican clergyman, author of the hymn Amazing Grace, and prominent supporter of abolition. He started his ... more

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A.D. 1729-1786

Mendelssohn(A.D. 1729-1786) Moses Mendelssohn was a Jewish philosopher from Germany who worked successfully to improve the condition of Jewish people in Germany ... more

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A.D. 1734

Jonathan EdwardsJonathan Edwards (A.D. 1703-1758) Puritan minister, Calvinist theologian, the first American theorist of revival, and leader of the Great Awakeni... more ushers in revivals

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A.D. 1737–1809

Thomas PaineThomas Paine (A.D. 1737–1809) American political writer, author of Common Sense and The Rights of Man, but also author of the most famous work ... more

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A.D. 1739

John Wesley(A.D. 1703–1791) Anglican priest, revival preacher and organizer, and together with his brother Charles, a founding figure of Methodism, whose theol... more begins

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A.D. 1740

First Great Awakening(A.D. 1740) The influential revival movement known as the First Great Awakening begins to spread throughout New England and endures in various forms f... more

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A.D. 1743–1826

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson (A.D. 1743–1826) was an American statesman and founding figure of the United States of America. He was the primary author of t... more

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A.D. 1754

French and Indian WarA.D. 1754 The French and Indian War begins in North America through the military actions of a young George Washington. The conflict would become merel... more

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A.D. 1757

British Conquest of India(A.D. 1757) The British East India Company begins its conquest of India. By the middle of the 19th Century, the British East India Company controlled,... more

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A.D. 1759–1833

William Wilberforce(A.D. 1759–1833) William Wilberforce was an English politician, member of Parliament from 1784 to 1812, and leader of the abolitionist movement in E... more

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c. A.D. 1760

First Industrial Revolution(c. A.D. 1760) The First Industrial Revolution begins as the use of machines and the implementation of factory systems greatly increases production of... more

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A.D. 1764

Voltaire publishes Philosophical Dictionary(A.D. 1764) Voltaire’s collection of deist satirical essays which are very critical of Christianity. more

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A.D. 1768–1834

Friedrich SchleiermacherFriedrich Schleiermacher (A.D. 1768–1834) German theologian and philosopher, minister in the Reformed church, professor at the University of Berlin ... more

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A.D. 1769–1831

Elizabeth Heyrick(A.D. 1769–1831) Elizabeth Heyrick was an English philanthropist and abolitionist. She criticized other abolitionist leaders for gradualist approach... more

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A.D. 1770–1831

Hegel(1770–1831) was a very influential philosopher in his day and espoused a philosophy based on historical consciousness that reflected the optimist co... more

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A.D. 1775

American Revolution(A.D. 1775) The American Revolution begins in response to the British Parliament taxing its American colonists without their consent. The taxes were i... more

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A.D. 1781

American Independence more

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A.D. 1782–1849

William Miller(A.D. 1782–1849) William Miller was a Baptist preacher in America who started the Millerism religious movement based on Miller’s predictions of an... more

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A.D. 1788–1866

Alexander Campbell(A.D. 1788–1866) Alexander Campbell was a Scots-Irish immigrant in the United States who pioneered the Christian Restorationist movement, advocating... more

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A.D. 1789

French RevolutionA.D. 1789 The French Revolution begins after the French government sought to finance its military engagements in the Seven Years’ War and the Americ... more

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A.D. 1792–1878

Pius IX(A.D. 1792–1878) Also known by the Italian form of his name, “Pio Nono,” pope from 1846–1878, the longest reigning pope in history, who define... more

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A.D. 1792

Charles Grandison FinneyCharles Grandison Finney (A.D. 1792–1875) Presbyterian minister, theological heir of Jonathan Edwards, and the most prominent American Revivalist in... more

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A.D. 1794

Thomas Paine The Age of Reason(A.D. 1794) Thomas Paine publishes the first part of The Age of Reason, which becomes the most influential work of American deism. more

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A.D. 1796–1865

Francis WaylandFrancis Wayland (A.D. 1796–1865) Baptist minister, president of Brown University (A.D. 1827–1855), and advocate of congregational autonomy and the... more

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A.D. 1797–1878

Charles HodgeCharles Hodge (A.D. 1797–1878) was an American theologian and advocate of an orthodox Calvinist theology, arguing that the Bible is the literal... more

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A.D. 1799

Liberal TheologyIs a major theological movement beginning in German universities in the early 19th century that is critical of orthodox dogmas and turned to experienc... more

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A.D. 1800–1882

John Nelson Darby(A.D. 1800–1882) John Nelson Darby was an Irish Bible teacher who featured prominently in conservative evangelical movements in Ireland. He is consi... more

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19th CENTURY

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A.D. 1801

Cane Ridge Revival(A.D. 1801) A large camp meeting in Cane Ridge, Kentucky was perhaps the largest camp meeting of the Second Great Awakening, drawing between 10,000 ... more

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A.D. 1802–1876

Horace BushnellHorace Bushnell (A.D. 1802–1876) was an American theologian and minister who, against significant opposition, taught that God could only be exp... more

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A.D. 28 Jul 1804–13 Sep 1872

Ludwig Angreas von Feuerbach(A.D. 28 Jul 1804–13 Sep 1872) Ludwig Andreas von Feuerbach was a German philosopher who is often referred to as the first master of suspicion who g... more

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A.D. 1804

French EmpireA.D. 1804 The French Empire emerges as Napoleon Bonaparte becomes Emperor of the French. He would lead France into a series of conflicts in which Napo... more

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A.D. 1805–1844

Joseph Smith(A.D. 1805–1844) Joseph Smith, Jr. was an American religious leader who published the Book of Mormon and founded the Church of Jesus Christ of Latte... more

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A.D. 1805–1872

John Frederick Denison MauriceJohn Frederick Denison Maurice (A.D. 1805–1872) was an Anglican theologian and author, serving prominently in London and Cambridge. He was a le... more

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A.D. 1806–1873

John Stuart MillJohn Stuart Mill (A.D. 1806–1873) was a British philosopher and Member of Parliament. He was a major proponent for utilitarianism (the eth... more

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A.D. 1806–1882

Hiram Edson(A.D. 1806–1882) Hiram Edson was a follower of Millerism and helped to establish the Seventh-day Adventist Church by introducing the idea that when ... more

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A.D. 1807–1874

Phoebe PalmerPhoebe Palmer (A.D. 1807–1874) American Methodist and Bible teacher, whose “shorter way” to the blessing of entire sanctification, “layin... more

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A.D. 1808

Independence of Spanish Colonies(A.D. 1808) Napoleon invA.D.es Spain and deposes the Spanish monarch, placing his brother as king. This sets off a legitimacy crisis in the Spanish co... more

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A.D. 1808–1888

Raphael Hirsch(A.D. 1808–1888) Raphael Hirsch was a German rabbi who defended Orthodox Judaism against modernizing influences like Reform Judaism. Hirsch taught t... more

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A.D. 1808–1874

Strauss(A.D. 1808–1874) David Friedrich Strauss was a German Protestant theologian. Strauss influence European Christianity with his writings on a “histo... more

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A.D. 1809–1882

Charles DarwinCharles Darwin (A.D. 1809–1882) was an English biologist who formulated a theory of evolution in which the struggle for survival served as a means o... more

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A.D. 1810–1874

Geiger(A.D. 1810–1874) Abraham Geiger was a Jewish scholar and rabbi who sought to modernize Judaism, emphasizing the evolution of the faith, the sup... more

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A.D. 1811

University of Berlin(A.D. 1811) Schleiermacher becomes the first professor of theology at the new University of Berlin which becomes one of the most influential universit... more

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A.D. 1813–1873

Livingstone(A.D. 1813–1873) David Livingstone was a Scottish physician, Christian missionary, abolitionist, and explorer in Africa. He disappeared during his e... more

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A.D. 1813–1855

Søren Kierkegaard(A.D. 1813–1855) Danish philosopher and theologian, critic of Hegelianism and modernist Christianity. Kierkegaard mocked the rationalist faith of En... more

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A.D. 1814

French Empire EndsA.D. 1814 The French Empire falls after a series of military disasters, precipitated by Napoleon’s catastrophic conquest of Moscow. Napoleon is exil... more

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A.D. 1824

Second Great Awakening(A.D. 1824) Charles Finney replaces some of Jonathan Edwards’s Revivalist theology with “new measures” based on Wesleyan’s increased emphasis ... more

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A.D. 1832

Dispensationalist theologyA theological movement popular among conservative, evangelical Christians in the 19th and 20th centuries that divides history into a series of time pe... more

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A.D. 1833

Oxford Movement(A.D. 1833) A movement begins within the Anglican Church originating from Oxford and which advocated for the inclusion of older Christian traditions o... more

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A.D. 1834

Spanish Inquisition Ends(A.D. 1834) The Spanish Inquisition is definitively ended after a decline in local support over an approximate 50 year period. more

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A.D. 1836

Holiness tradition(A.D. 1836) Methodist teacher Phoebe Palmer inaugurating the Holiness by holding Tuesday Night Meetings in her home in New York City. more

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A.D. 1837–1899

Dwight L. MoodyDwight L. Moody (A.D. 1837–1899) The most prominent American Revivalist of the second half of the 19th century, influencing and influenced by the Ke... more

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A.D. 1842–1918

Hermann Cohen(A.D. 1842–1918) Hermann Cohen was a Jewish Philosopher in Germany who was a famous scholar on Kant and promoted a neo-Kantian philosophy. He believ... more

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A.D. 1843–1921

C. I. ScofieldC. I. Scofield (A.D. 1843–1921) Minister, Bible teacher, Dispensationalist theologian, and editor of the Scofield Reference Bible, whose 2nd edition... more

A.D. 1843–1921 Minister, Bible teacher, Dispensationalist theologian, and editor of the ScofieldC. I. Scofield (A.D. 1843–1921) Minister, Bible teacher, Dispensationalist theologian, and editor of the Scofield Reference Bible, whose 2nd edition... more Reference Bible(A.D. 1917) Publication of the second edition of the Scofield Reference Bible(A.D. 1917) Publication of the second edition of the Scofield Reference Bible, which becomes the most important text for the Dispensationalist movemen... more, which becomes the most important text for the Dispensationalist movemen... more, whose 2nd edition (1917) is the most influential book in the Dispensationalist movement. Please share if you found this post informative.

A.D. 1844–1900

Friedrich NietzscheFriedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), declared that God is dead, and the intellectuals of his day had killed him. With the death of God, nihilism was bor... more

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1850's

Landmark MovementIs a radical movement among a minority of Southern Baptists beginning in the 1850s that stressed its complete separation from all other Christian sect... more

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A.D. 1854

Immaculate ConceptionA Roman Catholic tradition that that the Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin. This doctrine was formally accepted by Pope Pius IX in A.D. 1... more

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A.D. 1858–1917

Emile DurkheimÉmile Durkheim (1858–1917) published The Elementary Forms of Religious Life in 1912. He found an influential ally in Sigmund Freud who incorpo... more

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A.D. 1860–1928

E. Y. MullinsE. Y. Mullins (A.D. 1860–1928) Southern Baptist pastor, professor, theologian, denominational leader, and advocate of “soul competency.” more

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A.D. 1861

American Civil War more

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A.D. 1861–1918

Walter Rauschenbusch(A.D. 1861–1918) Walter Rauschenbusch was a Baptist preacher and theologian in America and was a major figure in the Social Gospel movement in Ameri... more

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A.D. 1864

Syllabus of Errors(A.D. 1864) Pope Pius IX publishes the Syllabus of Errors, which denounce many modern beliefs such as freedom of religion. more

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A.D. 1869–1870

Vatican I(A.D. 1869–1870) The ecumenical council of Roman Catholic bishops called and presided over by Pope Pius IX that was held between 1869–1870, and at... more

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A.D. 1870

National Camp Meeting Association for the Promotion of Holiness(A.D. 1870) The First Vatican Council officially adopts the doctrine of papal infallibility as well as the doctrine that God can be known through natu... more

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A.D. 1870–1922

William Seymour(A.D. 1870–1922) William Seymour was an African American preacher who studied under Charles Fox Parham, adopting Pentecostalism and the view that ... more

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c. A.D. 1870

Second Industrial Revolution(c. A.D. 1870) After an economic slowdown stunts the growth from the First Industrial Revolution, the Second Industrial Revolution continued the gener... more

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A.D. 1873–1929

Charles FoxGeorge Fox (A.D. Jul 1624–13 Jan 1691) Founder of the Religious Society of Friends, more commonly known as Quakers. more Parham(A.D. 1873–1929) Charles Fox Parham was a preacher and evangelist in America and was a central figure in the development of Pentecostalism by associ... more

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A.D. 1875

Keswick(A.D. 1875) The Keswick movement begins in a meeting of Presbyterians and Anglicans in Keswick, England. The movement developed out of the non-Methodi... more movement

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A.D. 1878–1965

Martin Buber(A.D. 1878–1965) Martin Buber was a Jewish philosophy from Austria who built his ideas on the foundation of existentialist philosophy. He was also a... more

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A.D. 1878–1969

Harry Emerson Fosdick(A.D. 1878–1969) Harry Emerson Fosdick was an American Baptist minister who also worked interdenominationally. He was a major player in a schism bet... more

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A.D. 1879

Aeterni Patris(A.D. 1879) Pope Leo XIII’s encyclical Aeterni Patris promotes “the restoration of Christian philosophy according to the mind of Saint Thomas Aqui... more

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A.D. 1880–1956

H. L. MenckenH. L. Mencken (A.D. 1880–1956) Controversial American journalist and critic renowned for his biting critiques of provincialism and prudery in Americ... more

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A.D. 1881–1937

Gresham Machen(A.D. 1881–1937) John Gresham Machen was a New Testament scholar in America, and he served as Professor of New Testament at Princeton Seminary betwe... more

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A.D. 1881–1963

John XXIII(A.D. 1881–1963) Born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, Italian priest, archbishop of Venice (A.D. 1953–1958), then pope (A.D. 1958–1963), who summoned ... more

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